package bradleyross.j2ee.servlets;
import java.io.*;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Types;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.ResultSetMetaData;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import bradleyross.library.database.DatabaseProperties;
/**
 * Serves as a template for writing servlets that
 * display the contains of a java.sql.ResultSet object
 * as a CSV (comma separated values) page.
 * 
 * <p>The methods getResultSet and makeConnection are
 *    abstract and will need to be overridden before
 *    this class can be used.  The user may also wish to
 *    override several of the methods for formatting
 *    information.</p>
 * <p>This code needs to be changed since many of the fields that belong
 *    to the instance must be moved within the service method since there
 *    can be multiple copies of the service method running at the same time.</p>
 * @see #getResultSet(HttpServletRequest, DatabaseProperties)
 * @author Bradley Ross
 */
public abstract class CsvWriter extends HttpServlet
{
        /**
         * Provided for compliance with Serializable interface.
         */
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
        /**
         * ServletConfig object as passed to the init method.
         * <p>Must be moved to inner class</p>
         */
        protected ServletConfig config = null;
        /**
         * Called by the servlet container when the servlet object is first placed
         * in service.
         */
        public void init(ServletConfig configIn) throws ServletException
        { 
                super.init(configIn); 
                config = configIn;
        }
        /**
         * Called by the servlet container when the servlet object is being taken out
         * of service.
         */
        public void destroy()
        { super.destroy(); }
        /**
         * Encapsulates methods and properties for a given instance of the
         * service method.
         * 
         * <p>Methods and properties in this class will normally not be
         *    overridden.</p>
         * @author Bradley Ross
         *
         */
        protected class Instance extends Object
        {
                /**
                 * Object containing HTTP request.
                 */
                protected HttpServletRequest request = null;
                /**
                 * Object used for preparing HTTP response.
                 */
                protected HttpServletResponse response = null;
                public Instance (HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
                {
                        request = req;
                        response = res;
                        try 
                        {
                                output = res.getWriter();
                        }
                        catch (IOException e) 
                        {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                }
                /**
                 * File name to be used when creating file.  File will be
                 * suffixed with .csv.
                 * <p>Changes to this field can be made using the setValues method of the
                 *    enclosing class.
                 *    </p>
                 * @see #setOutputFilename(String)
                 * @see #getOutputFilename()
                 * @see CsvWriter#setValues(Instance)
                 * 
                 */
                protected String outputFilename = "default";
                /**
                 * String to be placed in CSV file as the first line in the file.
                 * <p>Changes to this field can be made by using the setValues
                 *    method of the enclosing class.</p>
                 * @see CsvWriter#setValues(Instance)
                 * 
                 */
                protected String message = null;
                /**
                 * Object containing database connection information.
                 * <p>This field is set by the makeConnection method.</p>
                 * @see CsvWriter#makeConnection()
                 */
                protected bradleyross.library.database.DatabaseProperties data = null;
                /**
                 * Object containing the result set.
                 * <p>This object is created by the getResultSet method which
                 *    is called by the service method.</p>
                 * @see CsvWriter#getResultSet(HttpServletRequest, DatabaseProperties)
                 */
                protected java.sql.ResultSet rs = null;
                /**
                 * Object containing meta data on result set.
                 * <p>This object is created by the service method after the
                 *    execution of the getResultSet method and before the
                 *    execution of the printHeader method.</p>
                 *    <p>Must be moved to inner class</p>
                 */
                protected java.sql.ResultSetMetaData rsmd = null;  
                /**
                 * Object representing the output to the HTTP response.
                 */
                protected java.io.PrintWriter output = null;
                /**
                 * Number of columns in result set
                 */
                protected int columnCount;
                /**
                 * Getter for rs.
                 * @return ResultSet object
                 * @see #rs
                 */
                public ResultSet getResultSet()
                {
                        return rs;
                }
                /**
                 * Setter for rs.
                 * <p>This would not normally be called from outside classes.</p>
                 * @param value Value to be used for field
                 * @see #rs
                 */
                public void setResultSet(ResultSet value)
                {
                        try 
                        {
                                rs = value;
                                rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
                                columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
                        } 
                        catch (SQLException e) 
                        {

                                e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                }
                /**
                 * Getter for rsmd.
                 * 
                 * @return ResultSetMetaData object
                 * @see #rsmd
                 */
                public ResultSetMetaData getResultSetMetaData()
                {
                        return rsmd;
                }
                /**
                 * Setter for rsmd.
                 * 
                 * <p>This would not normally be called by external classes.</p>
                 * 
                 * @param value ResultSetMetaData object
                 * @see #rsmd
                 */
                public void setResultSetMetaData(ResultSetMetaData value)
                {
                        rsmd = value;
                }
                public DatabaseProperties getDatabaseProperties()
                {
                        return data;
                }
                public void setDatabaseProperties (DatabaseProperties value)
                {
                        data = value;
                }
                public String getOutputFilename()
                { 
                        return outputFilename;
                }
                public void setOutputFilename(String value)
                {
                        outputFilename = value;
                }
                /**
                 * Obtains number of columns in result set
                 * @return Number of columns
                 * @see #columnCount
                 */
                public int getColumnCount()
                {
                        return columnCount;
                }
                /**
                 * Sets number of columns in result set.
                 * <p>This method would not normally be used.</p>
                 * @param value Value to be used
                 * @see #columnCount
                 */
                public void setColumnCount(int value)
                {
                        columnCount = value;
                }
                /**
                 * Getter for output.
                 * @return PrintWriter object.
                 * @see #output
                 */
                public PrintWriter getPrintWriter()
                {
                        return output;
                }
                /**
                 * Getter for message.
                 * 
                 * @return Message text
                 * @see #message
                 */
                public String getMessage()
                { 
                        return message; 
                }
                /**
                 * Getter for request.
                 * 
                 * @return HttpServletRequest object
                 * @see #request
                 */
                public HttpServletRequest getRequest()
                {
                        return request;
                }
                /**
                 * Getter for response.
                 * @return HttpServletResponse object
                 * @see #response
                 */
                public HttpServletResponse getResponse()
                {
                        return response;
                }
        }
        /**
         * Called by servlet container when an HTTP transaction requests a response
         * from the server.
         * 
         * @param req Object containing request information
         * @param res Object containing response information
         */
        public void service (HttpServletRequest req,
                        HttpServletResponse res) throws IOException
                        {
                Instance instance = new Instance(req, res);
                PrintWriter output = instance.getPrintWriter();
                try
                {
                        instance.setDatabaseProperties(makeConnection());
                        instance.getDatabaseProperties().connect();
                        ResultSet rs = getResultSet(req, instance.getDatabaseProperties());
                        instance.setResultSet(rs);
                        setValues(instance);
                        res.setContentType("text/csv");
                        res.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" +
                                        instance.getOutputFilename() + ".csv");
                        if (instance.getMessage() != null)
                        { output.print(instance.getMessage() + "\r\n"); }
                        if (rs == null)
                        { 
                                output.print("No result set provided\r\n"); 
                                return;
                        }
                        boolean moreRecords = rs.next();
                        if (!moreRecords)
                        {
                                output.print("Result set is empty\r\n");
                                return;
                        }
                        else 
                        { printHeader(instance); }
                        while (true)
                        {
                                printLine(instance);
                                moreRecords = rs.next();
                                if (!moreRecords) { break; }
                        }
                        instance.getResultSet().close();
                        instance.getDatabaseProperties().close();
                }
                catch (java.io.IOException e)
                { throw new java.io.IOException("Error in processing file: " +
                                e.getClass().getName() + " : " + e.getMessage()); }
                catch (java.sql.SQLException e)
                { 
                        System.out.println("SQL error in processing CSV file");
                        throw new java.io.IOException("SQL error: " + e.getClass().getName() + 
                                        " : " + e.getMessage());
                }
                        }
        /**
         * Obtain the database connection information.
         * @return database information object
         * @throws IOException if io errors
         */
        protected abstract bradleyross.library.database.DatabaseProperties
        makeConnection() throws IOException;
        /**
         * Will be overridden with the method for obtaining the SQL
         * result set.
         * <p>This should be kept separate from the getResultSet method within the
         *    Instance class. The {@link Instance#getResultSet() } method returns the
         *    ResultSet object stored in the Instance object.  This method actually generates
         *    the ResultSet object.  The service method then stores the result of this method 
         *    in the Instance object.</p>
         * @param req Request information
         * @param data database object
         * @return Result set
         * @throws IOException if io errors
         * @see Instance#message
         * @see Instance#outputFilename
         */
        protected abstract java.sql.ResultSet getResultSet(HttpServletRequest req, DatabaseProperties data)
        throws java.io.IOException;
        /**
         * Sets values in Instance object.
         * <p>This must be overridden in a subclass in order to set parameters.</p>
         * @param instance Instance object being affected
         * @throws java.io.IOException if io errors
         */
        protected void setValues(Instance instance) throws java.io.IOException
        { ; }
        /**
         * Will print header line for CSV file.
         * @param instance instance of code processing request
         * @throws IOException if io error
         */
        protected void printHeader (Instance instance)
        throws java.io.IOException
        {
                ResultSetMetaData rsmd = instance.getResultSetMetaData();
                PrintWriter output = instance.getPrintWriter();
                try
                {
                        for (int i = 1; i <= rsmd.getColumnCount(); i++)
                        {
                                if (i != 1) { output.print(","); }
                                output.print(rsmd.getColumnName(i));
                        }
                        output.print("\r\n");
                }
                catch (Exception e)
                { throw new java.io.IOException("Error detected: " + e.getClass().getName() +
                                " : " + e.getMessage()); }
        }
        /**
         * Will print one line of CSV file.
         * <p>This method will be changed at a later time to allow the
         *    specification of overriding methods for formatting timestamps,
         *    integers, floating point numbers, character strings, etc.</p>
         * @param instance instance of object processing request
         * @throws IOException if io error
         */
        protected void printLine (Instance instance)
        throws java.io.IOException
        {
                int columnCount = 0;
                ResultSet rs = instance.getResultSet();
                ResultSetMetaData rsmd = instance.getResultSetMetaData();
                PrintWriter output = instance.getPrintWriter();
                try 
                {
                        columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
                } 
                catch (SQLException e1) 
                {
                        e1.printStackTrace();
                }
                for (int i = 1; i <= columnCount; i++)
                {
                        try
                        {
                                if (i != 1) { output.print(","); } 
                                int columnType = rsmd.getColumnType(i);
                                if (columnType == Types.VARCHAR || columnType == Types.CHAR ||
                                                columnType == Types.LONGVARCHAR)
                                {
                                        String working = rs.getString(i);
                                        if (rs.wasNull()) { working = new String(); }
                                        output.print(formatString(working, i)); 
                                }
                                else if (columnType == Types.FLOAT || columnType == Types.REAL ||
                                                columnType == Types.DOUBLE)
                                {
                                        double working = rs.getDouble(i);
                                        if (rs.wasNull()) 
                                        { output.print(new String()); } 
                                        else
                                        { output.print(formatDouble(working)); }
                                }
                                else if (columnType == Types.TINYINT || columnType == Types.SMALLINT ||
                                                columnType == Types.INTEGER || columnType == Types.BIGINT)
                                {
                                        int working = rs.getInt(i);
                                        if (rs.wasNull())
                                        { output.print(new String()); }
                                        else
                                        { output.print(formatInteger(working)); }
                                }
                                else if (columnType == Types.TIMESTAMP)
                                { 
                                        java.sql.Timestamp working = rs.getTimestamp(i);
                                        if (rs.wasNull())
                                        { output.print(new String()); }
                                        else
                                        {
                                                java.util.Date date = new java.util.Date(working.getTime());
                                                output.print(formatDateTime(date)); 
                                        }
                                }
                                else
                                        /*
                                         ** Haven't decided how to handle Types.DECIMAL and
                                         ** TYPES.GENERIC.  However, this may be academic as I don't
                                         ** think that these will occur in the databases
                                         ** that I will be using.
                                         */
                                         {
                                        String working = rs.getString(i);
                                        if (rs.wasNull())
                                        { output.print(new String()); }
                                        else
                                        { output.print(working); }
                                         }
                        }
                        catch (Exception e)
                        { throw new java.io.IOException("Error detected in column " +
                                        Integer.toString(i) + ":" +
                                        e.getClass().getName() + " : " +
                                        e.getMessage()); }
                }
                try
                { output.print("\r\n"); }
                catch (Exception e)
                { throw new java.io.IOException("Error detected: " +
                                e.getClass().getName() + " : " +
                                e.getMessage()); }
        }
        /**
         * Method of calling formatString when it doesn't
         * depend on the column in the result set.
         * @param valueIn String to be processed
         * @return Processed string
         */
        protected final String formatString(String valueIn)
        { return formatString(valueIn, -1); }
        /**
         * Double up on all double quotes in string and surround the string with
         * double quotes so that it will be in the proper format for the CSV file.
         * @param valueIn String to be processed
         * @param column Column number of item - This will allow different formatting to be used
         *        for each column.  This parameter is not used unless the method is
         *        overridden.
         * @return Processed string
         */
        protected String formatString(String valueIn, int column)
        {
                String working = null;
                if (valueIn == null)
                { working = " "; }
                else if (valueIn.length() == 0)
                { working = " "; }
                else
                {
                        java.util.regex.Pattern pattern = java.util.regex.Pattern.compile("\\\"");
                        java.util.regex.Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(valueIn);
                        working = matcher.replaceAll("\"\"");
                }
                if (working == null) { working = " "; }
                return "\"" + working + "\"";
        }
        /**
         * Alternate calling sequence, leaving out the column number.
         * @param valueIn Floating point number to be formatted
         * @return Formatted string
         */
        protected final String formatDouble (double valueIn)
        { return formatDouble (valueIn, -1); }
        /**
         * Formatter for floating point numbers.
         * <p>This method can be overridden to control printing of
         *    the values in the CSV file.</p>
         * @param valueIn Floating point number to be processed
         * @param column Column number - This will allow different formatting to be used
         *        for each column.  This parameter is not used unless the method
         *        is overridden.
         * @return Formatted string
         */
        protected String formatDouble (double valueIn, int column)
        { return Double.toString(valueIn); }
        /**
         * Alternate calling sequence, omitting the column number.
         * @param valueIn Integer value to be formatted
         * @return Formatted string
         */
        protected final String formatInteger (int valueIn)
        { return formatInteger(valueIn, -1); }
        /**
         * Formatter for integer values.
         * <p>This method can be overridden to control printing of
         *    the values in the CSV file.</p>
         * @param valueIn Integer to be formatted
         * @param column Column number - This will allow different formatting to be used
         *        for each column.  This parameter is not used unless the method is 
         *        overridden.
         * @return Formatted string
         */
        protected String formatInteger (int valueIn, int column)
        { return Integer.toString(valueIn); }
        /**
         * Alternate calling sequence, leaving out the column number
         * @param valueIn java.util.Date object containing date and time
         * @return Formatted string
         */
        protected final String formatDateTime (java.util.Date valueIn)
        { return formatDateTime(valueIn, 1); }
        /**
         * Formatter for values involving date and time.
         * <p>This method can be overridden to control printing of
         *    the values in the CSV file.</p>
         * @param valueIn java.util.Date object containing date and time
         * @param column Column number - This will allow different formatting to be used
         *        for each column.  This parameter is not used unless the method is
         *        overridden.
         * @return Formatted string
         */
        protected String formatDateTime (java.util.Date valueIn, int column)
        {
                java.text.SimpleDateFormat format = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm");
                return format.format(valueIn);
        }
}